Kluwer Arbitration

APRIL 11, 2024

“SMART” stands for safe, mobile internet and mass data, artificial intelligence, revolutionary, and transparency. In 2001, the SCIA developed its first arbitration case-management network; in 2008, it created an online commercial dispute resolution platform in cooperation with the Alibaba Group, which was implemented in online marketplaces.

Electronics 52

Electronics Management Efficiency Networking 52

Kluwer Arbitration

MAY 22, 2024

Relevant Background According to the award , in 2001, Colombia adopted its Mining Code (Law 685), which provides that mining rights are vested if (i) a mining title exists, (ii) an environmental license is issued, and (iii) a Mining Works Program (“PTO”) has been approved. We do not discuss the tribunal’s jurisdictional reasoning.

Balance 52

Balance Participation Impact Assessment Thresholds 52

Kluwer Arbitration

MAY 24, 2024

Relevant Background According to the award , in 2001, Colombia adopted its Mining Code (Law 685), which provides that mining rights are vested if (i) a mining title exists, (ii) an environmental license is issued, and (iii) a Mining Works Program (“PTO”) has been approved. We do not discuss the tribunal’s jurisdictional reasoning.

Balance 52

Balance Participation Impact Assessment IT 52

Kluwer Arbitration

JULY 1, 2024

Over time, other players have emerged, such as China, which entered the global economy in 2001 with the U.S. Nigeria arbitral award and the issue of fraud and corruption. Patocchi spoke about the issue of a challenges to awards on grounds of corruption or fraud tainting the proceedings. He referred to Prof.

Corruption 52

Corruption Export Import Transparency 52

Kluwer Arbitration

JULY 22, 2024

In recent years, many States have signed investment treaties containing this type of clause based on the US Model BIT (2004), which itself reflects NAFTA case law following the FTC 2001 Note of Interpretation , which clarified that tribunals must apply the MST and no other standard.

Thresholds 52

Thresholds Influencing Corruption Transparency 52

Kluwer Arbitration

FEBRUARY 10, 2024

In July 2001, state parties to the North Atlantic Free Trade Agreement (“NAFTA”) issued a joint interpretation , limiting the FET under NAFTA to the minimum standard of treatment under customary international law. See e.g., PSEG v Turkey , ICSID Case No. ARB/02/5, Award , ¶ 240; Infinito Gold Ltd.

Balance 52

Balance Negotiation Thresholds Ethics 52

Kluwer Arbitration

MARCH 25, 2024

Unless and until Mongolia embraces a stable business environment that transparently creates and predictably implements laws and regulations, investors will likely find Mongolia too risky and opt for more competitive countries. This article provides an overview of Mongolia’s international investment climate and explores recent developments.

Transparency 105

Transparency Negotiation Price Export 105