Remove 2018 Remove Balance Remove Thresholds
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what is the difference between public and private sector procurement?

The Procurement School

Specific procurement requirements, including the dollar value thresholds beyond which a competitive process must be conducted, are typically embedded in internal policies and come from the various free trade agreements designed to eliminate discrimination based on jurisdiction of origin.

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Red Eagle v. Colombia: Colombia’s Decisions to Protect Páramos Do Not Constitute a Violation of the Minimum Standard of Treatment vis-à-vis an Investor with No Vested Right

Kluwer Arbitration

Therefore, on March 21, 2018, Red Eagle initiated an ICSID arbitration claiming compensation for damages that allegedly exceeded CAD$ 110,000,000. This behavior showed that Colombia acted with a legitimate purpose, giving meaningful consideration to competing economic, environmental, and social interests to produce a balanced policy.

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Red Eagle v. Colombia: Colombia’s Decisions to Protect Páramos Do Not Constitute a Violation of the Minimum Standard of Treatment vis-à-vis an Investor with No Vested Right

Kluwer Arbitration

Therefore, on March 21, 2018, Red Eagle initiated an ICSID arbitration claiming compensation for damages that allegedly exceeded CAD$ 110,000,000. This behavior showed that Colombia acted with a legitimate purpose, giving meaningful consideration to competing economic, environmental, and social interests to produce a balanced policy.

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Arbitration Agreements and Insolvency Proceedings: Comparing the Pro-Arbitration Perspectives in Singapore, the United Kingdom, and India, and Calling for International Consensus

Kluwer Arbitration

The Defendant then issued a statutory demand pursuant to section 125(2)(a) of the Insolvency, Restructuring and Dissolution Act 2018 for claims awarded under a partial final award (the “ PFA ”). 13) Telnic at [29]-[32]. 17) Mobilox at [40]. Subsequently, in K. M/S Vijay Nirman Company Pvt. 18) At [18]. 18) At [18].

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2024 PAW: Sports Law and the Upcoming Olympics – What Role for Arbitration?

Kluwer Arbitration

Not only is it now one of the busiest international arbitral institutions (with 900 cases per year on average), but it also ensures the rendering of effective awards under its aegis, as confirmed by the Swiss Federal Tribunal (SFT) in 1993 in the Gundel case and by the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) in 2018 in the Pechstein case.

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Efforts to Curtail the Global Race on Industrial Subsidies

Import and Trade Remedies

Back in 2018, the EU, the United States of America (“ U.S. The European Union (“ EU “) and the African Group (composed of 44 WTO Members and 9 observers from Africa) have each put forward submissions on this topic. The EU’s call for the strengthening of multilateral subsidy disciplines is not new.

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The Faith of the Fair and Equitable Treatment Clause in Africa

Kluwer Arbitration

Such framing sets a higher threshold for establishing a violation of FET. See, e.g., Brazil-India BIT (2020) ; Brazil-Ethiopia BIT (2018) ; Brazil-Malawi BIT (2015).) The PIA, which came into effect in 2018, introduced several changes. 6, 12-13).

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